Subsequent inquiries linked a single Vietnamese crime group to about a third of the farms, with months of planning leading up to Wednesday’s raids.
Det Supt Stevie Bertram said: “This was by far the biggest human trafficking investigation that Police Scotland has ever run.
“We wanted to disrupt and absolutely cripple that organisation.
“We wanted to do it all in one day and I think it’s been a huge success. Essentially, they won’t be able to function.
“All of the targets of this operation have been arrested and they are the ones we believe are running that operation.”
Police Scotland officers arrested individuals in Birmingham as part of Wednesday’s enforcement action, which was carried out with support from Home Office Immigration Enforcement and His Majesty’s Revenue and Customs.
“We think the group runs across the UK and internationally,” said Bertram.
“We’ve met with regional crime teams from up and down England and Wales and Ireland, to look at what’s happening across the country.”
Officers from the National Crime Agency based in Hanoi have been liaising with the authorities in Vietnam.
